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- BIOGRAPHY
Fabrizio was born in Rome about 1460, the son of Odoardo Colonna, duca dei Marsi. He and his cousin Prospero, the secular heads of the Colonna family, acquired great fame as generals in the armies of the Church and of Emperor Charles V. Fabrizio was a general of the Holy League, the alliance formed in 1510-11 by Pope Julius II during the Italian Wars for the purpose of expelling Louis XII of France from Italy, thereby consolidating papal power.
Fabrizio was captured while fighting on the side of the pope, Venice and Spain in the battle of Ravenna on 11 April 1512, in which the pope's forces were routed by the French with their Italian allies, particularly Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, husband of Lucrezia Borgia. This was the first battle in history to be won by artillery. A consequence of the battle was the relentless pursuit of Alfonso by Pope Julius, who was intent on taking Ferrara from him. Alfonso was required to attend the pope in Rome, and there make an abject formal confession and apology in return for having the pope's ban of excommunication lifted from him. The apology meant nothing to either man, and eventually Alfonso escaped from Rome, aided by Fabrizio and Marcantonio Colonna, who were grateful for Alfonso's kind treatment of Fabrizio after his capture at Ravenna. This was said to have been one of the few examples of gratitude and chivalrous behaviour to be found in the history of the Italian princes of the Renaissance. Some three months after his escape Alfonso returned to Ferrara, despite every effort by Julius to capture and arrest him.
Fabrizio married Agnesina da Montefeltro, the daughter of Federigo da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino, and Battista Sforza. They had three children: Vittoria Colonna, the famous poetess of the Renaissance; Federigo and Ascanio Colonna, who was the only one to have progeny.
Machiavelli's _Art of War_ is structured as a dialogue between Fabrizio Colonna and a number of Florentine gentlemen on how to manage war and military affairs. Fabrizio died in 1520.
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